A Semantic Argument Against the Existence of Universal Properties and Its Implications for the Likelihood of Theism

Abstract

By conducting a semantic analysis of the reference and meaning of concepts that correspond to properties, and assessing its metaphysical implications, I develop a new argument for theism. Theism is understood here as the thesis that a personal being is the ultimate origin and ground of reality. More specifically, I argue that there are no universally held positive contingent properties and that this absence significantly increases the likelihood of theism. By integrating semantic inquiry with metaphysical reasoning, this paper offers a novel approach that contributes to ongoing debates in metaphysics and philosophy of religion.